In the key period with profound changes in the world economy and society, and unprecedented domestic reform, development and stability tasks as well as contradictions, risks and challenges, Wuhan, as the "thoroughfare of nine provinces", shall objectively analyze the macro environment of the economic and social development faced in "13th Five-Year", grasp the initiative of transformation and reform, and promote the modernization of Wuhan's urban governance system and governance capability, which are not only related to the growth prospects in future five years, but also related to sustainable development in a longer period.

　　The research on macro environment of economic and social development of Wuhan in "13th Five-Year" scientifically analyzes the international and domestic development of economic and social development, in order to grasp the opportunities and challenges faced by Wuhan in the new development period under the international and domestic macro-background, and clear urban positioning and sustainable development model.

　　1.Part 1 of the research report is the historical review of Wuhan's economic and social development. From the perspective of history and reality, the report proposes that Wuhan, as a megacity in the central region, is the regional center in history. It has prominent location, market, resources, scientific and technological advantages and industrial advantages, which is the strategic junction for communication and exchange of resources, information and technology in eastern and western regions. Although Wuhan has a lot of advantages, its urban development has been unsatisfactory and its comprehensive competitiveness has gradually decreased since the reform and opening up. It has not played well the role as the strategic fulcrum for linking the eastern and western region, and for driving the leaping development in the central region. In the beginning of the "12th Five-Year", the Wuhan Party Congress solemnly proposed the construction of the national central city, and the revival of great Wuhan. In order to achieve the "Renaissance of Wuhan", Wuhan has developed and implemented five plans, including the "industrial doubling", "service upgrading", "promotion of independent innovation ability", "problem solving of urban construction" and "promotion of internationalization level", and ushered in a new window period of development. The "12th Five-Year" has become one of the best historical periods of economic and social development in Wuhan. The "13th Five-Year" is the key stage for the construction of national central city in Wuhan. Three aspects (globe, nation and Wuhan itself) must be fully considered for the scientific plan of Wuhan’s development in the "13th Five-Year", that is to say, we must base on the two backgrounds that scientific and technological revolution has brought about profound changes in the globe and that China's economy has entered the new normal, and realize the synchronous multiplication of "quantity" and "quality" of Wuhan’s economy in the new round of development around the goal of "trillions of multiplication" of Wuhan’s economic aggregate.

　　2.Part 2 of the research report is a detailed analysis of the international environment for economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year" period. The world economic development is still uncertain, but there's greater chance of a moderate recovery; the economic and social development experiences continued "differentiation" in weak recovery, and the status of emerging economies stands out; the growth of world economy turns to coexistence of medium-high speed and medium-low speed growth; the regional economic cooperation in the world shows regional characteristics; new energy and new ways open up new space for global economic development; the fight for the commanding heights of science and technology is more intense. The revolution in science and technology has brought about profound changes in the world. From a worldwide perspective, the most promising growth area in the “13th Five-Year” is the Asian-Pacific region; the most promising growth area in the Asian-Pacific region is East Asia; the most promising growth area in East Asia is China; and the most promising growth area in China is the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

　　3.Part 3 of the research report is an analysis of the domestic environment for economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year" period. The basic point of China's economic and social development changes from being mainly driven by external demand to being mainly driven by domestic demand in the "13th Five-Year", and Wuhan is becoming the forefront of expanding domestic demand as it’s located in the inland; the construction of growth pole is extended from the "Yangtze River Delta" and "Pearl River Delta" to the "Central Delta", and Hubei and Wuhan are the core of the "Central Delta"; the development belt is extended from the Coastal Economic Belt to the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and Hubei and Wuhan are located in the "dragon waist" (most important part) of the Yangtze River Economic Belt; the focus of opening up will be shifted from advance development of coastal areas to simultaneous development of coastal areas and inland.

　　The domestic environment for economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year" shows the following characteristics: Medium and high speed growth of China's economy has become the new normal; China's economy has turned from factor driven and investment driven to innovation driven and reform driven; China's high-end manufacturing export and domestic consumption upgrade have become a new driving force for economic growth; new urban-rural relations of "coordination of industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization" have expanded space for China's economic development; new economic structure in competition area has been formed; the construction of ecological civilization system builds up the "Image of China".

　　Based on the historical background of China's economy entering "new normal", Wuhan shall play a leading role in leading, radiating and distributing regional economic development as a megacity in Central China in “13th Five-Year", and play a strategic driving role in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. It shall seize the major historical opportunity for expanding inland border opening strategy and construction of Shanghai Free Trade Zone, when China builds a new support belt for economy based on the Yangtze River, create the "steel waist" of the new support belt for China's economy in the Yangtze River, and promote the sustainable development of China's economy in the "13th Five-Year".

　　4.Part 4 of the research report is an analysis of the opportunities and challenges as well as advantages and disadvantages of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year". As the core area of the "endogenous" economy, Wuhan has abundant freshwater resources, good land carrying capacity, vast market hinterland and strong scientific and educational strength. Great achievements have been made in industrial construction in Wuhan, and a batch of characteristic industries and leading industries have been formed. A relatively complete industrial system has been built and the production capacity of industrial products has been greatly enhanced. From the perspective of the fundamentals of Wuhan's development, Wuhan has comprehensively promoted the construction of the National Central City and National Innovation Center in recent years, with a solid foundation for development and a good momentum of development, which has great potential for development. Wuhan should not be positioned as megalopolis like Beijing and Shanghai, but rather to strengthen its own advantages and develop itself into a node for "linking the eastern and western region". Wuhan must grasp the overall situation and go step by step in the "13th Five-Year" period, formulate feasible strategy and policy system, strive to play the role of "fulcrum" in the process of creating upgrades of Yangtze River Economic Belt, and strive to build the National Central City as soon as possible to recreate a brilliant history.

　　(1)The opportunities of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year": The "innovation driven strategy" improves the core competitiveness of Wuhan; the implementation of the "Yangtze River Economic Belt" boosts Wuhan's opening up; the "national industrial planning" promotes industrial upgrading in Wuhan; the "domestic consumption driven" brings opportunities for leapfrog development in Wuhan; and the "power list" launches a new round of reform of government institutions.

　　(2)The challenges of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year": The industrial growth reaches the peak, and the growth of traditional pillar industries is limited; Wuhan is likely to be affected in the high-incidence season of systematic risk; the financial system is not perfect, and the financing structure is irrational; the energy is in shortage, and energy consumption in some industries is too large; the uncompleted market reform and imperfect urban driving function coexist.

　　(3)The advantages of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year": In terms of the development of Wuhan, on the one hand, Wuhan has been initially equipped with the basis in economy, innovation, culture and technology necessary for becoming the "National Central City". "Industrial doubling" -- Industrial development and industrial transformation; "problem solving of urban construction" -- Rapid expansion of urban comprehensive carrying capacity; "Ten Articles of Wuhan" -- Burst of innovation, entrepreneurship and aggregate capital vitality; "motherland overpass" -- Accelerated formation of three-dimensional traffic advantages in highway, railway, waterway and aviating; "environment-oriented city" -- Significant progress has been made in green development and ecological civilization construction.

　　(4)The disadvantages of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year": The industrial structure biases towards heavy industry, and the product competitiveness is not strong; the urban construction is overspreading, but the construction of supporting facilities lags behind; the ecological environment is worsening and the treatment is more difficult; the marketization is not high, and the attraction of investment is insufficient; the impact of the Internet on traditional management methods and working methods.

　　5.Part 5 of the research report is a discuss of the basic ideas of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year" combined with the development momentum of Wuhan.

　　(1)The basic connotation of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year". From the perspective of the development content, the economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year" include the following basic connotations: The first is innovative development; the second is green development; the third is coordinated development; the fourth is sharing development; the fifth is win-win development; From the perspective of city function, the economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year" include the following basic connotations: The first is to avoid "big city disease"; the second is to enhance the "polarization effect" of the city; and the third is to build the core support circle of "rise of central China".

　　(2)The overall goal of all-round economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year”. The overall goal of development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year" is: Innovation driven development takes the lead in China; basically form the functional framework system of the National Central City; improve the city appearance and quality to a new level; take the lead in building a well-off society in an all-round way; improve the comprehensive economic strength into the top three among the sub-provincial cities in China; consolidate and upgrade the “leading” position of Wuhan among all cities across China, laying solid foundation for reviving and developing Wuhan into a National Central City. The realistic basis of the economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year": Wuhan is ushering in a period of superposition of multiple opportunities; its development steps onto a new platform; its upward momentum is remarkable; and its development vitality appears.

　　(3)The basic ideas of the economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year" is: More attention shall be paid to the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation represented by the Internet, to the new opportunities and challenges faced by Wuhan under the new normal economic development, and to the new space and new functions of urban development under the background of the "three strategies" of China; we should plan large projects, layout large industries, expand large space, and build a large pattern in accordance with the international advanced and domestic first-class standards, while focusing on the construction of "three centers", including the National Innovation Center, the National Advanced Manufacturing Center, and the National Trade and Logistics Center, with the construction of National Innovative City as the guide, and the new industrialization, urbanization and informatization as the focus.

　　6.Part 6 of the research report is about the macro countermeasures of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year": (1) Wuhan's "13th Five-Year" Plan shall be docked with medium and long-term strategy. (2) Speed up a new round of development around the difficulties in the "13th Five-Year" in Wuhan: always adhere to the main direction of industry, and promote the development of advanced high-end manufacturing industry in Wuhan; strengthen and expand the service sector while focusing on the industry; continue to increase investment in urban construction and moderately advance the construction of urban infrastructure; build the domestic Internet Trade and Logistics Center leading by informatization; “integrate several rules into one region”, to build urban spatial pattern of "multiple centers with multiple axes"; actively participate in international competition and build a comprehensive open development pattern; solve the problems during urban construction, including debt, financing, demolition, management and livelihood with deepening the "urban management revolution" as the starting point.(3) Comprehensively implement the reform measures and optimize the urban development environment, including market environment, legal environment, government environment and human environment, so as to improve Wuhan's resource agglomeration force, industrial radiation force and economic driving force.

　　7.Part 7 of the research report is a discuss of the main measures of economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year": Increase investment in social infrastructure and promote balanced development of the economy and society; build a modern industrial system and strengthen the strength support; improve the scale of service sector and build a “new engine” for the next five years; strengthen the ecological civilization construction and promote cyclic and green development; deepen the reform of rural financial sector; build diversified investment body and speed up the reform of investment system.

　　8.Part 8 of the research report is 10 policy suggestions on economic and social development in Wuhan in the "13th Five-Year":

　　(1)Actively seize the new round of opportunities of opening up and development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Wuhan shall seize the major historical opportunity for expanding inland border opening strategy and construction of Shanghai Free Trade Zone, when China builds a new support belt for economy based on the Yangtze River, and create the "steel waist" of the new support belt for China's economy in the Yangtze River. Firstly, Wuhan shall adhere to moderately advanced construction of comprehensive transportation system, with traffic infrastructure construction as the breakthrough point. Secondly, Wuhan shall build the high-tech industrial belt along the Yangtze River, the advanced manufacturing belt and the modern agricultural demonstration belt with the industry development as the core. Thirdly, Wuhan shall promote the construction of the urban agglomeration in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, the ecological city belt along the Han River and the eco-culture tourism town belt along the Jianghan canal, with eco-culture as the characteristic. By then, the central China, especially the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, will realize a comprehensive rise and become the core hub linking the international and domestic economic corridors across the eastern, central, western, southern and northern China, forming a world-class urban agglomeration.

　　(2)Develop high-end manufacturing and strategic emerging industries by relying on modern service sector. Based on the national strategy of accelerating the transformation of industrial structure, vigorously promote the construction of "Optics Valley of China", develop and expand modern service sector, promote the integration and development of industry and service sector, and occupy a leading position in the high-end modern service sector and strategic emerging industries. Firstly, Wuhan shall strive for the "first", that is, develop modern industry. Focus on the adjustment of six major industries (equipment manufacturing, food, electronic information, ship and marine engineering equipment, medicine and resources recycling); actively accelerate industrialization of new generation of information technology and new materials, including cloud computing, Internet of Things, 3D printing and Beidou navigation, and promote scale development of industries including biology, energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy and new energy vehicle. Secondly, Wuhan shall fear about being "outdated", that is, resolutely eliminate outdated resource capacities, such as small cement, small iron and steel, and electrolytic aluminum with high energy consumption and high pollution, and accelerate the upgrading and transformation of traditional industries, including metallurgy, petrifaction, building material and textile, so as to effectively enhance the technical level of traditional industries. Thirdly, Wuhan shall build the "smart city". The new generation of information technology including Internet of Things, cloud computing, mobile broadband and big data shall be integrated into urban construction and management operation by combining with the upsurge of smart city construction in "13th Five-Year", so as to equip the traditional city management with a keen sense of touch, well-developed nerves and a smart brain, and add wings of information to the city. Vigorously implement the "Overall Planning for Wuhan Smart Cities", and accelerate the formation of information infrastructure system of internetworking, information exchange and business interaction, and build a hub type international information port.

　　(3)Establish urban infrastructure system with well-developed highway, railway, waterway, aviating and bridge and complete functions. Firstly, Wuhan shall improve the comprehensive transportation network unobstructed both inside and outside the city with building "motherland overpass" and "subway city" as the goal. Expand and extend the external traffic, and expand the peripheral radiation. Build Wuhan into a "national comprehensive transportation hub" and a "central international transportation hub" with access to the five continents as soon as possible. Secondly, Wuhan shall optimize and upgrade the city traffic, and smooth the internal circulation. Firmly establish the concept of "rail transportation leading urban development pattern", promote seamless connection of high-speed rail, urban railway and subway, and form an urban expressway network system with rail transit as the backbone, with urban ring roads, rapid radiation, and under-river tunnel as the support, and with main roads, secondary roads and access roads as the base. The rail transit network with a total size of 388 km and half-hour trip to new urban districts, which covers the three towns of Wuhan shall be established by 2020. Thirdly, Wuhan shall strengthen the construction of underground pipe network, and improve the water supply and drainage network with harmony between human and water. Vigorously promote three action plans including improvement of water supply security capability, construction of drainage facilities, and full collection and treatment of sewage, start the construction of large diameter drainage tunnel as early as possible, and accelerate the formation of the city's "underground aorta". Fourthly, Wuhan shall improve the power supply and gas supply facilities, and establish a powerful energy and power network. Adhere to "give priority to external electricity, with internal electricity as supplementary", and accelerate the development of modern smart grid. Implement the Special Planning on Gas in Wuhan (2013 - 2020) [1], and the gas penetration rate in urban development area shall be 100%. Fifthly, Wuhan shall strive to solve the problem of difficult traffic travel in the city. Adhere to give priority to the bus, build a "Metro City", increase the intensity of underground traffic development, form underground transportation network, improve the rapid road network system, and establish and improve the slow traffic system.

　　(4)Vigorously promote scientific and technological progress and improve the quality of workers. Wuhan shall vigorously promote scientific and technological progress: Firstly, it shall strengthen the main body and cultivate the innovation subject - - scientific and technological enterprises; secondly, it shall establish an innovation platform -- construction of East-Lake National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone; thirdly, it shall establish the system, and improve the transformation system -- a system in which the research and development direction is determined by the market and enterprise; the allocation of the project and expenditure is determined by the market, and the result is evaluated by the market; fourthly, it shall promote transformation and accelerate the transformation of achievements -- introduction and marketing event (auction) for major scientific and technological achievements; fifthly, Wuhan shall attract talents and strengthen team building -- "Thousand Talents Program" and "Hundred Talents Program"; reform the evaluation mechanism of scientific and technological talents and new model (integrated type) of talent training. With the advantages of educational resources and the concentration of large and medium-sized business enterprises, Wuhan implements the training program for business talents, and improves the three functions, including training base for business talents, training base for college students and social training base. Encourage business enterprises and universities to jointly build the national demonstration base for training of business talents, forming a comprehensive and multi-level vocational education and training system to cultivate and transport business talents for the whole country. The first is to strengthen pre-job training; the second is to strengthen the skills training of workers; the third is to strengthen reemployment training; the fourth is to promote the vocational qualification certificate system. The fifth is the national training and transportation base for business talents.

　　(5)Strive for the establishment of the National Central City and the largest "Free Trade Zone" in inland China. There are 5 national central cities in China, including 4 municipalities and Guangzhou. They are mainly located in the coastal and southwest areas, and are not set up in the central, northwest and northeast regions. In the layout of the national central cities, Wuhan can be considered as a national central city, so that it will become the polar nucleus of the national growth level, in order to promote the construction of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. From the perspective of development, the future urban agglomeration will absorb over 60% of urban population, which indicates that the urban agglomeration is not only the main form for promoting urbanization, but also the main carrier to absorb the new urban population [2]. According to the planning of the main functional areas of China, these urban agglomerations also belong to the areas of optimal development and key development. To promote the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, it is necessary to foster and develop urban agglomerations such as the Yangtze River Delta, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and Chengdu and Chongqing into state-level growth groups.

　　(6)Wuhan shall demonstrate the establishment of a modern low-carbon city. ①It shall sing well the "theme song": establishment of the Scientific Outlook on Development and Outlook on Low-carbon Ecological Civilization; ②Get over the "high-low bars": low carbonization of high carbon industry, and high-end of the low-end industry;③Do "addition and subtraction": give full play to the effect of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of energy conservation and emission reduction; ④Study "moral justice": guide the public to participate in the construction of low-carbon and ecological civilization; ⑤Make good use of "two hands": adhere to the combination of government leading and market regulation; ⑥Fight the "tough battle": focus on the implementation of the "13th Five-Year Plan" project.

　　(7)Wuhan has formed a reasonable urban regional layout. In December 8, 2014, the Standing Committee of Wuhan Municipal Government studied the "Planning of the Main Functional Areas of Wuhan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), and key ecological functional areas and ecological bottom line areas including the East Lake Scenic Area and Jiufengshan National Forest Park are listed in the prohibited development zone, where large-scale industrialization and urbanization development are prohibited.

　　(8)Improve the efficiency of government administration and enhance government governance capability. Wuhan shall supervise the major programs that have been introduced in sequence, and timely track, inspect, assess and rectify in order to identify problems. With the momentum of making some achievements, carry out implementation and rectification and establish rules and regulations, improve the system and methods of responsibility and accountability for civil servants, and promote civil servants to improve their style of work, improve efficiency and take full responsibility. Enhance the impetus and resultant force of reform, strengthen the responsibility of the department, enhance the overall awareness and urgency consciousness, and promote the reform of important areas with the government's own reform. The aim is to participate in the establishment of a long-term system and mechanism conducive to coordinated development by all parties, to optimize the environment for development, to improve the efficiency of government administration and to enhance government governance capability.

　　(9)Foster innovative culture, and rejuvenate the great Wuhan. The spirit of Wuhan is the accumulation of Wuhan's history and culture. It is a concentrated expression of urban characteristics. The spirit of "Dare to Be the First, Pursuit of Excellence" is a call and lead, and it's also a style, a realm and a pursuit. We should use this spirit to lead the future, bring together the strength of Wuhan, and promote scientific development and leapfrog development of the city. By then, Wuhan will become the center of central China and an important national central city. It will play a leading role in a wider range and more fields, and achieve a comprehensive rejuvenation of the great Wuhan.

　　(10)Do well in policy and project support. Firstly, Wuhan shall embody working ideas and development measures of the "13th Five-Year Plan", plan a number of major industrial projects with strong driving force, and plan a number of basic, functional and forward-looking major urban construction projects, such as comprehensive transportation hub, urban traffic, ecological governance and municipal facilities in advance, which are related to the long-term development of Wuhan. Secondly, Wuhan shall seize the opportunities of national implementation of directional regulation and control, construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and promotion of new urbanization, and actively strive for national layout of major regional functional projects in fields like industry, transportation and energy in Wuhan, strive for early approval of a number of planned projects, and strive for more projects being included in the national and provincial "13th Five-Year" Plan. Thirdly, Wuhan shall strengthen fund raising and investment attracting, spare no effort to bring in a number of large industrial projects with an investment of over 5 billion yuan, and bring in a number of leading enterprises and regional headquarters of modern service sector both at home and abroad, so as to reserve strong project support for the realization of the "13th Five-Year" Plan.